| ADAM | ⊕ 1964 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ Ad hoc query languages | ⊕ United States | Data Management System for IBM 7030 |
| INFOL | ⊕ 1964 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ Ad hoc query languages | ⊕ United States | Querying language |
| LUCID | ⊕ 1964 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ Ad hoc query languages | ⊕ United States | Data query language |
| MARK II | ⊕ 1964 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ Ad hoc query languages | ⊕ United States | |
| Namer | ⊕ 1964 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Specialised Languages | ⊕ Ad hoc query languages | ⊕ United States | Graphically oriented data retrieval language |