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Language peer sets for PAL: United States↑ United States/1968↑ Designed 1968 ↑ 1960s languages ↑ Third generation↑ High Cold War↑ Genus Other lambda ↑ Other lambda↑ Lambda caculus↑ Functional ↑ Other lambda/1968↑ Lambda caculus/1968↑ Functional/1968↑ Other lambda/United States↑ Lambda caculus/United States↑ Functional/United States↑ PAL(ID:336/pal002)Pedagogic Algorithmic Languagealternate simple viewCountry: United States Designed 1968 Published: 1968 Genus: Other lambda Pedagogic Algorithmic Language Landin and Morris, MIT, after ISWIM. Originally written in LISP, later rewritten in BCPL by Richards. Designed as a language for experimenting in programming language style, to enable students to: "study linguistic constructs for the specification of algorithms, and students are expected to learn some of the interesting and important intellectual ideas which are relevant to programming languages. (Examples of such ideas are the application of a function to arguments, the "creation" of new variables and allocation of their storage, the updating of the value associated with a variable, etc.) PAL was designed to reveal clearly these various intellectual ideas, with a minimum of syntactic decoration and a maximum of semantic clarity. " Multi-modal, with garbage-collection, could take various types of assignments and deifinitions, including extensibility and Lambda Calculus. Typeless, and had pointers. Was written in a Lambda-Delta Calculus, which was a refinement of the Lambda calculus "The PAL language is a direct descendent of Peter Landin's ISWlM, although there are important differences, particularly in the imperatives. The first implementation of PAL was by Landin and James H. Morris, Jr., in LISP. The language they implemented was much closer to ISWIM than to PAL as it now exists. The present version of PAL was designed by Martin Richards along with Thomas J. Barkalow, Evans, Robert M. Graham, Morris and John M. Wozencraft. The implementation is the work of Richards and Barkalow. The intellectual effort of which PAL is one outgrowth owes much to Christopher Strachey." People: Related languages
References: in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in (1968) Proceedings of the 23rd ACM national conference January 1968 in [ACM] (1972) [ACM] Proceedings of the 1972 Annual Conference of the ACM in (1972) Computers & Automation 21(6B), 30 Aug 1972 in (1972) Computers & Automation 21(6B), 30 Aug 1972 in (1972) Computers & Automation 21(6B), 30 Aug 1972 in [SIGPLAN] (1973) SIGPLAN Notices 8(09) June 1973 Proceedings of ACM SIGPLAN - SIGOPS interface meeting on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Savannah, Georgia, 1973 Search in: Google Google scholar World Cat Yahoo Overture DBLP Monash bib NZ IEEE  ACM portal CiteSeer CSB ncstrl jstor Bookfinder |