QUERY(ID:4560/que003)

Near natural language querying system 

Query language by Cheathem and Walsham, restricted vocabulary translated into set-based determinants.
According to Fry (1976) was the first to actually translate high level queries directly into machine code.
Related languages
CL-I => QUERY   Co-development
References:
  • Cheatham, T. E., Jr., and Warshall, S. "Translation of retrieval requests couched in a "semiformal" English-like language" view details
          in Open Technical Meeting on "Design, Implementation and Application of IR-Oriented Languages," held by the ACM Computer Language Comnfittee on Information Retrieval on 20-21 October 1961 in Princeton, N.J. view details
  • Warshall, S. "A syntax directed generator" view details
          in [JCC 20] Proceedings of the Eastern Joint Computer Conf. Washington, D.C. 1961 view details
  • Cheatham, T. E., Jr., and Warshall, S. "Translation of retrieval requests couched in a "semiformal" English-like language" view details DOI
          in [ACM] CACM 5(01) January 1962 "Design, Implementation and Application of IR-Oriented Languages," ACM Computer Language Committee on Information Retrieval on 20-21 October 1961 in Princeton, N. J. view details
  • Simmons, R.F., "Answering English Questions by Computer - A Survey" SDC Report SP-1536 Santa Monica, Calif.; April, 1964 view details
          in [ACM] CACM 5(01) January 1962 "Design, Implementation and Application of IR-Oriented Languages," ACM Computer Language Committee on Information Retrieval on 20-21 October 1961 in Princeton, N. J. view details
  • Simmons, R. F. "Answering English questions by computer: a survey" p53-70 view details Abstract: Fifteen experimental English language question-answering systems which are programmed and operating are described and reviewed. The systems range from a conversation machines to programs which make sentences about pictures and systems which translate from English into logical calculi. Systems are classified as list-structured data-based, graphic data-based, text-based and inferential. Principles and methods of operations are detailed and discussed.

    It is concluded that the data-base question-answerer has passed from initial research into the early developmental phase. The most difficult and important research questions for the advancement of general-purpose language processors are seen to be concerned with measuring meaning, dealing with ambiguities, translating into formal languages and searching large tree structures. DOI
          in [ACM] CACM 8(01) Jan 1965 view details
  • Smith, Stephen F.; and Shoffner, Ralph M. "A comparative study of mechanized search languages" Inst. Library Research. Univ. Calif., Berkeley, Calif January 1969 view details
          in [ACM] CACM 8(01) Jan 1965 view details
  • Borko, H. review of Smith et al 1969 view details Abstract: This report on search languages and logics is the last of the three reports produced by the Context Information Project. University of California. Berkeley

    Three search languages are analyzed in detail and compared on the basis of form and capability. The selected languages are: QUERY, used in the context information processing system; the Relational Language. based upon early work with a Relational Data File at Rand Corporation; and TDMS, a state- of the-art file management system developed at SDC. The complete language structures are not described; only certain features are selected for comparison. Within this limitation, the comparisons are handled in a reasonable, straight-forward manner and with the aid of many examples. In effect this report reviews the thinking of the authors as they studied different search languages and justified the need to design the new language QUERY for use in the context retrieval system and to plan for needed extensions of this language.

          in ACM Computing Reviews 11(02) February 1970 view details
  • Fry, James P.; Sibley, Edgar H. "Evolution of Data-Base Management Systems" view details
          in [ACM] ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 8(1) March 1976 view details