| CO2 | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ France | Object-oriented database language | |
| PAL | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ United States | Paradox Application Language | |
| Plane Lucid | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ 3D Spreadsheets | ⊕ United States | 3d spreadsheet language |
| RPL | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ RETE and production | ⊕ United States | The Relational Production Language |
| SDL | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ United States | Shared Dataspace Language | |
| TooL | ⊕ 1988 | ↓ ↑ ⊕ Business Data Processing | ⊕ Germany |