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Language peer sets for COMTRAN:
United States↑
United States/1958↑
Designed 1958 ↑
1950s languages ↑
Second generation↑
Early Cold War↑
Genus COBOL coeval ↑
Business Data Processing ↑
COBOL coeval↑
COBOLs↑
Data processing ↑
COBOL coeval/1958↑
COBOLs/1958↑
Data processing/1958↑
COBOL coeval/United States↑
COBOLs/United States↑
Data processing/United States↑
Business Data Processing ↑
Business Data Processing/1958↑
Business Data Processing/us ↑

COMTRAN(ID:387/com052)

Commercial Translator 

alternate simple view
Country: United States
Designed 1958
Published: 1959
Genus: COBOL coeval
Sammet category: Business Data Processing

for COMmercial TRANslator, later in fact released as Commercial Translator

Bob Bemer, Roy Goldfinger et al IBM 1959

IBM Business programming language : dsigned with two goals in mind:
1) to be as machine-independant and portable as FORTRAN
2) to express non-mathematical problems to computers easily (ie English)

Influence on COBOL - sources for:
     group items (01 and 02)
     PICTURE symbols
     fancy IF statements
     COMPUTE formulas

Places
People:

Hardware:
Related languages
AUTOCODER → COMTRAN   Evolution of aspects
FORTRAN → COMTRAN   Equal portability Moderate Influence
COMTRAN → COBOL   Evolution of
COMTRAN → Commercial Translator   Renaming
COMTRAN → FACT   Influence
References:
  • Asch, Alfred. (1959) Asch, Alfred. 1959 July 29. Minutes of Committee Meeting on Data Systems Languages Held at Bureau of Standards, June 23-24. (Cited in Sammet 1978) Extract: Languages examined by CODASYL
  • [IBM] (1960) International Business Machines, General Information Manual--IBM Commercial Translator, Form F28-8043, IBM Corp., 1960.
  • Martin et al (1960) Martin, E. Wayne Jr.; Hall, Dale J. "Data Processing: Automation in Calculation" Review of Educational Research, Vol. 30, No. 5, The Methodology of Educational Research (Dec., 1960), 522-535. Abstract Extract: Compiler Systems
  • Willey et al (1961) Willey, E.L.; d'Agapeyeff, A.; Marion Tribe, B.J. Gibbens, Michelle Clark, "Some commercial Autocodes -- A comparative study", A.P.I.C. Studies in Data Processing #1, Academic Press, London, 1961, pp. 53.
  • d'Agapeyeff, A.; (1962) d'Agapeyeff, A.; "Current developments in commercial automatic programming" pp107-111 Abstract Extract: The properties of data Extract: COMMERCIAL TRANSLATOR
          in (1962) The Computer Journal 5(2) July 1962
  • D'Agapeyeff, A.; Baecker, H. D.; and Gibbens, B. (1963) D'Agapeyeff, A.; Baecker, H. D.; and Gibbens, B. J. "Progress In Some Commercial Source Languages" pp277-298
          in Goodman (ed) (1963) Goodman, Richard (ed) "Annual Review in Automatic Programming" (3) 1963 Pergamon Press, Oxford
  • Hirschmann, W. (1963) Hirschmann, W. review of d'Agapeyeff 1962 (Comp J) Abstract
          in [ACM] (1963) ACM Computing Reviews 4(01) January-February, 1963
  • Rosen, Saul (1964) Rosen, Saul "Programming Systems and Languages: a historical Survey" (reprinted in Rosen, Saul (ed) Programming Systems & Languages. McGraw Hill, New York, 1967)
          in [AFIPS JCC 25] (1964) [AFIPS JCC 25] Proceedings of the 1964 Spring Joint Computer Conference SJCC 1964
  • Stoker, J. (1964) Stoker, J. W. review of Willey et al 1961
          in [ACR] (1964) ACM Computing Reviews 5(06) November-December 1964
  • Weik, Martin H. (1964) Weik, Martin H. "A Fourth Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems" Report No. 1227, January 1964 Ballistic Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland Online copy at Computer History Museum
          in [ACR] (1964) ACM Computing Reviews 5(06) November-December 1964
  • Goldstein (1965) Goldstein, M. "Computer Languages" The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 72, No. 2, Part 2: Computers and Computing Feb., 1965 pp141-146 Extract: Languages scene
          in [ACR] (1964) ACM Computing Reviews 5(06) November-December 1964
  • Bemer, Robert W. (1968) Bemer, Robert W. "The PL/I Family Tree" Extract: Introduction Extract: Definition and Maintenance Extract: Introduction
          in (1968) PL/I Bulletin, Issue 6, March 1968
  • Sammet, Jean E. (1969) Sammet, Jean E. "Computer Languages - Principles and History" Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-Hall 1969. p.324, 331, 378.
          in (1968) PL/I Bulletin, Issue 6, March 1968
  • Stock (1971) Stock, Karl F. "A listing of some programming languages and their users" in RZ-Informationen. Graz: Rechenzentrum Graz 1971 58 Abstract
          in (1968) PL/I Bulletin, Issue 6, March 1968
  • Sammet, Jean E. (1973) Sammet, Jean E. "Roster of Programming Languages for 1973" p147
          in (1974) ACM Computing Reviews 15(04) April 1974
  • Stock and Stock (1973) Stock, Marylene and Stock, Karl F. "Bibliography of Programming Languages: Books, User Manuals and Articles from PLANKALKUL to PL/I" Verlag Dokumentation, Pullach/Munchen 1973 134 Abstract
          in (1974) ACM Computing Reviews 15(04) April 1974
  • Sammet, Jean E. (1978) Sammet, Jean E. "The early history of COBOL" Abstract
          in [HOPL I] (1979) SIGPLAN Notices 14(04) April 1979 including The first ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages (HOPL) Los Angeles, CA, June 1-3, 1978
  • Sammet, Jean E. (1981) Sammet, Jean E. "History of IBM's Technical Contributions to High Level Programming Languages" pp520ff
          in [IBM] (1981) IBM Journal of Research and Development, 25(5), September 1981 25th anniversary issue
  • Smillie, K W. (1982) Smillie, K W. review of Sammet 1981 in ACM Computing Reviews September 1982 Abstract
          in [IBM] (1981) IBM Journal of Research and Development, 25(5), September 1981 25th anniversary issue
  • (1986) "A proliferation of Machine Types and Programs" 9.9 pp362-367 Extract: Development of COMTRAN Extract: COBOL vs COMTRAN
          in C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pu (1986) C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pugh "IBM's Early Computers" MIT Press, 1986 (Vol. 3 in the History of Computing series)
  • Mark Howells (1999) Mark Howells "How Genealogy Helped Solve the Year 2000 Problem - in 1958!" Ancestry Magazine July/August 1999 Online copy Extract: Picture clause
          in C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pu (1986) C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pugh "IBM's Early Computers" MIT Press, 1986 (Vol. 3 in the History of Computing series)
  • THE COBOL REPORT (2000) THE COBOL REPORT "Interview with Bob Bemer - the Father of COBOL" Online copy Extract: origin of name
          in C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pu (1986) C.J. Bashe, L.R. Johnson, J.H. Palmer, and E.W. Pugh "IBM's Early Computers" MIT Press, 1986 (Vol. 3 in the History of Computing series)
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